Single-phase communtator-motor.



PATENTED SEPT. 1, 1908. M. c. A. LATO'URJ j SINGLE PHASE GOMMUTATORMOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.11,1907.

INI/EN TOR man/5 0A. LATUUH BYWQQ v ATTY WITNESSES m x 25? ,20 coils short-circui MARIUS .C. A.

CORPORATION LATOU'R, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMEANY. A

OF NEW YORK.

SINGLE-PHASE COEM'UTATOB-MOTOR.

No 897,645. Specification o! l. llpplication'flled March 11 To all whom it may concern:'

Be it known that I, MARIUS C. A. LATOUR, a eitizenof France, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful 1m )rovernents in Single-Phase Commutator- .otors, of which the following ism-specification.-

My invention relates to single-phase motors of the commutator type, and its object 1 is to provide such motors with a commutating field without emp for this pur )OSB. is well known in the art, the design of alternating current motors presents di cpl )ties in res )ect tlrcomrnutation, which do not xist in t e design of direct current motors. it has, consequently, been proposed heretofore to employs eoial coils for producing a cornmutating fie dadapted who cut by the ted. by the commutator brushes, and of the proper amount andphase to assist in commutation;

My "field coils that they thGIIISGlVoS pro use the is desired commutating field. YI accomplish this result by de phasin'g the currents in adjac'e'nt field coils so that these currents produce a commutating field in the space be tween adjacent sides f the coils. a My invention comprises a number of features which will best be understood.by.ref-, erence to the accompanying drawings, in which f Figure 1 shows diagrammatically'an alterhating current commutatormot'or with the loying a special winding 7 desired current distribution inthe field mag- 'net rfor com nsating forlarrnature reaction, producing he cross-magnetization of the I motor, and producing a, cornm'utating'; field i0 2 sl oj 's/diagranunaticallythe refs method, securing the .reletiyefp ai'e-dis "'laeerne t. in the adjaeentjfieldsem n t ig-- 3. shows diag amihsticallyfia motor .srranged in accordance with my Involition, and 46 prov ded with B suitabla-reyersing'switch.

Referring first ,to,Fig.,1, A represents the smut 6.: providedfvnth the, commutator B, G r a co p n a winding dlstnbu e around the field magnet andcarryingjcurrent, of proper amount and p ss 'smme r l 'z field coils, which produce cross-iii" eti ationfof the motor, and. E m

. 3 ,r producing the commu- .l'fi"fil;e armature coils shortcire armature reaction, 1) I Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 1, 1908.

, 1907. some No.361,888

I cuited by .the brushes. The conductors on the field magnet are shown in cross-section, and to distinguish them, the conductors of the difierent windings are shown with different'forms' of cross-section. The conductors of the compensati winding are shown as the commutatinacoils as triangles. Furthermore, the -re ative directions of current in the seyeralconductors'of each winding are shown by-shading. For instance: If, in the unshaded conductors of the compensatingwiiiding O the current at any instant is assumedtobe passing up of thepaper, the.. curren due-tors will be. passi main field coils Dare p and 4. netic lugs or teeth, which form the poles forthe commutating field. If the currents in,

tin the shaded conlaced in slots," 1, 2,

in the compensating winding conductors the current is passing 'upward in slot 2 and downward in slot 1 while in the conductors of the fieldcoil D, the current is passing downward in both slots. The main eld coils D are ordinarily connected in se- 1 rice with the commutating" winding, so that the currents of these coils are in phase. Oonsequently, the currents in the compensating. windingconductors and field coil conductors in slot 2 oppose. each other, rents in the corresponding con ducto'rs of the commutating coil E fare in .opposite directions in slot 1 and 2 and furthermore, 'to secure a cbrnmutati pgo or phase, thesecurrents ould be out 0 $86 and main field? coilsfi Consen quentlyl,

as a w o'le,,inslots rrragnitude and the'q i'rents'inth slots with-the currents in'slo'ts; 3 and .4, will be seen-"that the curr'entsin" slots 1 and 4 are of the same magnitude, and are displaced inphase 1-8091} Simithe cairrenss in slot? 2 sand equa l ini npgm- 'tu e-a'nf are 's ace in see 180 There ore, p P

nected in series as connected in series with'the confil'wmi'slln circles, the main fiel' coils as rectangles, and

wards from the plane ng downward, The

These slots are separated by mag-1 the conductors inslots 1 and 2 are compared, 1' it will be seen that inventioneonsists-m so arranging the while the cur ductors in slot 1 assist each other. The currents in the confield of the with the currents inthe eompensat- 1 ng. wi g considering the ampere conductors,

land 2, .it will be 'seen that thecurrents in thesei'slots difler both in Now, comparing 4 loo if the conductors in sletl are con-'- th the conductors in slot 4 toiform a single coil as indicated'by the. dot-= ted lines 6, and if theco'nductors inslot Zara 6 the necessary change in the phase of the position shown, the current enters from the conductor 8 is connected to the terminals of slot 3, as indicated by the dotted lines 7, so as to form a second single coil, and 1f the currents in the two single coils thus formed are each adjusted in magnitude and phase so that the ampere conductors in each slot are the same as those which would be produced by the arrangement of Fig. 1, it is evident that these two coils will serve not only as main field coils, but also to produce a commutating field of the roper amount and phase, and to assist in orming the compensating winding. It should be noted that in order that the field coils should thus act to produce the commutatin fields, they should overlap on one side on y. In Fig. 1 the overlapping is shown at the bottom of the fi re.

'l o produce the desired difference in amount and phase in the currents in the ad- 'acentficld coils, the connection shown in l 'ig. 2 ,may be employed. In this figure F and F re resent the field coils formed by consolidation of the ampere conductorsin the field coil slots, as described above. These coils are connected in parallel, and the impedance G is laced in series with one of the coils. B. a justing the amount of this impedance, t 1e relative amounts and phases of the currents in the two field coils may be adjusted to produce the desired commutating field.

n Fig. 3 I have shown the connections of a compensated series motor with. the field coils arranged as in Fi .2. I have also shown a reversing switch H adapted both to re verse the direction of current through the field coils relatively to the armature, and also to shift the impedance G into series with the two field coils alternately. I The two field coils are connected directly to gether at one terminal, and are connected to ether through the im edance G at their otfier terminal. With t e switch H in the conductor 8 through the switch H to the 'unction of field coil F and impedance G.

rom this oint, partfipasses through field coil 'F, bac to the other pole of switch H, while the other part of the current passes through impedance G and field coil F in series- From the other pole of switch H current passes through the armature A and com- C to the conductor 9.

Wnsating windin ith the switch I in its other position, the

field coils F and F which are directly connected to each other, while the lower armature brush is connected to the lower terminal of impedance G. Impedance G is conseuent ynow in series witl. field coil F while t 1e relative direction of current through the field ccllswith respect to the armature is reersed. Thus, switch. Il ser es both to reverse the torque of the motor, and to make coin'mutsting field to adapt it for the opposite direction of rotation.

It will be understood that I have illustrated'my invention diagrammatically, for

the sake of sim licity, and that in practice any well known orm of bi olar or multipolar constructionmay be emp 0 ed.

What I claim as new an desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,- 1. A single-phase motor of the commutator type having in combination with its mam field coils connections adapted to produce a relative phase-dis lacement of the currents in the main fiel coils for adjacent poles whereby a commutating field is produced in the1 space between theadjacent sides of said col s.

2. A single-phase motor of the commutator type having its main field coils for adjacent poles separated by a lug or tooth, and connections for said coils adapted to produce a relative phase-displacement of the currents in the conductors of said coils on opposite sides of said toot-h whereby a commutating field is produced in said tooth.

3. A single-phase motor of the commutal tor type having main field coils for adjacent poles connected in parallel, and an impe- .dance in series with one of said coils adapted to produce a relative phase-displacement of the currents in said coils, whereby a commutating field is produced in the s ace be-- tween the adjacent sides of saidcoils.

4. A single-phase motor of the commutator type havin main field coils for ad'acent poles separate by a lug or tooth an connected in parallel circuits, and an im edance in series with one of said coils adapte to produce a relative phase-displacement of the currents in saidcoils, whereby a commutating field is roduced in said tooth.

5. A sing e-phase motor of the commutator type havin main field coils for adjacent poles connect in parallel circuits and means in circuit with said coils for producing a-relative dis lacement of the currents in said coils, w ereby a commutating field is produced sides of said coi 6. A single-phase motor of the commuta-.

'tor type having field coils each of which has its sides and one only overlapping a one o field coil for an adjacent pole-and connections adapted to produce a r ative-phasedisplacement of the currents in the field coils for adjacent poles whereby commutating elds are produced in the spaces adjacent sides of said coils.

7. A single-phase motor of the commutator type having field coils each of which has one 0 its sides andone only overlapping a field coil for an adjacent pole, connections adapted to produce a relative phase-displace ment of the currents in the field coils for ad acent poles, whereby commutating fields fare in the, space between the adjacent between the 5 tor ty field coil for an adjacent pole, field coils l' or adjacent poles being connected in arallel circuits, and means in circuit with said coils for reducing a relative hase-displacement of t e currents in field coi s for adjacent poles whereby coinniutating fields are produced in the spaces between the adjacent sides of said coils.

9. A single-phase motor of the commutator ty 0 having field coils each of which has one its sides and one only overlapping a field coil for an adjacent pole, field coils for adjacent poles being connected in parallel circuits, means in eircuitwith said eoils'for producing a relative phase-displacement of the currents in the iield coils or adjacent poles whereby eommutating fields are produced in the s aces between the adjacent sides of said coi sfand magnetic lugs or teeth occupying, said s aces.

ll), A single-p iase motor of the commutetor type having field coils for adjacent poles connected in parallel, an impedance in series with one of saidf ioilfl adapted to produce a relative phase-thsplacement t the currents in said coils, whereby a connnutating field is produced in the space between. the adjacent sides of said coils, and a switch arranged to reverse the direction of current through said coils relatively to the armature and to shift said im 'edance into series with .the other of said coi s.

11. A single-phasemotor of the commute tor type havin field coils for adjacent poles separated by a ug or tooth and connected in parallei circuits, an impedance in series with I one of said coilsadapted to roduce a relative phase-displacementlof t e currents in said coils, whereby a commutating field is produced in said tooth, and a switch arranged to reverse the direction of current through said coils relatively to the armature and to shift said im edance into series with the other of said 601 12. A single-phase motor of the comm uta- A tor type having field coils for adjacent poles connected directly together at one-terminal and through an impedance at the. other terminal, and a switch ada ted in one osition to connect one current ii /ad to the (irectlyconnected coil terminals and a second cur- 

